A guide for north american officials, koenig et al. Sagunto can be considered as a kernel of an is network, where some is exchanges are taking place but the full potential of is opportunities is far from being achieved. Appendix a the industrial symbiosis at kalundborg denmark. Urban baltic industrial symbiosis umbrella project. Industrial symbiosis is practiced in several other locations around the world, but not to the extent of kalundborg. Situated in kalundborg, denmark, the symbiosis is based on publicprivate partnerships, with exchanges of energy, water and materials in closed loops. In the european union, the commissions attention has been captured by danish industrial symbioses. Definition the symbiosis partners the evolution of the symbiosis principles and features conclusion. Kalundborg industrial symbiosis facilitates the possibility for companies to cooperate and utilise each others residuals and byproducts. Kalundborg symbiosis figure 1 is an example on the great potential of the circular economy and the green transition. Read chapter the industrial symbiosis at kalundborg, denmark. It is important to point out that the example of kalundborg in denmark strictly speaking is an example of anindustrial network, and not an industrial estate. Application of this concept allows materials to be used in a more.
In kalundborg six partners constitute the symbiotic network and the danish experience has brought worldwide attention. In this context, industrial symbiosis 1 holds huge potential. In the ancient harbor town of kalundborg, denmark, various processing companies, a waste handling company, and the municipality of kalunborg participate in industrial symbiosis. Pdf how policies influence the implementation of industrial. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. The collaboration and its environmental implications arose unintentionally through private initiatives, as. The danish model, kalundborg symbiosis, is an outstanding example of how the process works.
Developing a database for kalundborg symbiosis and other successful case studies. Kalundborg copenhagen jutland funen zealand may 2005 3. We do so by pioneering scientific breakthroughs, expanding access to our medicines and working to prevent and ultimately cure disease. In 2015 the eu issued an action plan for the circular economy, the intention of which is to. An opportunity to increase production without consuming more energy, water or natural resources. Developing an internal and external communication system to disseminate information and experience. Kalundborg symbiosis the worlds first industrial symbiosis. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The development of industrial symbiosis in kalundborg, denmark has been described as an evolutionary process in which a number of independent byproduct exchanges have gradually evolved into a. Pdf confusion has plagued the definition of the term symbiosis for over years. Is is where coordination among different kinds of industrial operations enables the use of each others byproducts and wastes, closing loops of energy, water, materials and waste. The global industrial economy can be modelled as a network of industrial processes that extract resources from the earth and transform those resources into commodities which can be bought and sold to meet t. Symbiosis through exploitation and the merger of lineages in evolution richard law1 and ulf dieckmann2 1department of biology, universityofyork, pobox 373,yorkyo10 5yw, uk 2adaptive dynamics network, international instituteforapplied systems analysis, a2361laxenburg, austria a model for the coevolution of two species in facultative symbiosis is used to investigate conditions under. The global industrial economy can be modelled as a network of industrial processes that extract resources from the earth and transform those resources into commodities which can be bought and sold to meet the needs of humanity.
Furthermore, many of kalundborg s plants are subsidiaries of foreignowned corporations statoil is a norwegian firm, gyproc is owned by a dutch company, etc. But to implement an industrial symbiosis takes time and resources and requires data, mutual trust and knowledge sharing between the partners as well as network relations, facilitation and support. Industrial ecology ie is the study of material and energy flows through industrial systems. The circular eco nomy is a paradigm with subcategories including industrial ecology and industrial symbiosis. Vilardell purti is a company that manufactures screws for industries like the automotive, home appliances and aerospace. Western powers integrated wood processing demonstration plant. In total, the environmental savings realized by this chemical industrial cluster are significant, and industrial symbiosis is an important way for government to meet its environmental goals and promote this ecoindustrial model in china. Circular economy system diagram ellen macarthur foundation. An sample of successful industrial symbiosis is kalundborg it is the worlds first industrial symbiosis site, and has been in operation for more than 30 years. Many enterprises within kalundborg, not just its coal power plants and oil refineries, have agreed in an industrial symbiosis to utilize each others waste products in a rotating local cycle. Definition capture, recovery and reuse of previously discarded resources from one industrial operation by other, traditionally. One partners bi product is the raw material in another partners production.
Two traits evolve in each species, the first affecting loss of resources from an individual. Pdf structure and morphology of industrial symbiosis networks. The industrial symbiosis at kalundborg, denmark presented at the national academy of engineering international conference on industrial ecology irvine, california, may 9, 1994 by henning grann, statoil reprinted with permission of the author background the concept of sustainable development is being widely referred to by politicians, authorities, industrialists, and the. Industrial ecology wikimili, the free encyclopedia. Novo nordisk is a leading global healthcare company, founded in 1923 and headquartered in denmark. The potential of industrial symbiosis as a key driver of green growth in nordic regions ingrid h g johnsen ed.
Industrial symbiosis challenges and solutions conference, vilnius oct. An industrial symbiosis constitutes a local partnership where, partners provide, share and reuse resources to create shared value. Testing the boundaries and advancing knowledge article pdf available in journal of industrial ecology 161. The history of the industrial symbiosis at kalundborg, denmark 1 industrial symbiosis what is an industrial. Novo nordisk, novozymes, statoil, dong energy, saintgobain. Another small step forward to the kalundborg industrial. The kalundborg symbiosis demonstrates that with the right technology and treatment wastewater from one company can be used as a resource in another companys production. The town of kalundborg, which receives excess heat fromasnaes for its residential district heating system. Kalundborg symbiosis has 40 years of experience in industrial symbiosis, cooperation between companies and today the symbiosis is an international brand. As a result, industrial symbiosis could produce fewer transportationrelated emissions. This result expands the set of initial conditions from which the separate lineages can be expected to merge into symbiotic units, and argues against any automatic assumption of mutualism between organism with a long history of symbiosis. Zimmerman 2 1department of ecology and evolutionary biology, university of arizona, tucson, arizona 85721 usa. The industrial symbiosis at kalundborg, denmark the industrial. Today kalundborg symbiosis is made up of the municipality of kalundborg and seven privately held companies.
Kalundborg symbiosis, denmark the first full realisation of industrial symbiosis was the case of kalundborg in denmark. Kalundborg symbiosis is based upon commercial agreements between independent partners. The company, which was founded in 1923, located in kalundborg in 1969, back in the days when insulin was still extracted a natural fit. Greet van eetvelde abstract rising pressure on the economical system, the ecological equilibrium and the public support due to the exponential growth of mobility issues requires innovative actions from companies, government and public. Bioteknisk jordrens a soil remediation company that joined the symbiosis in 1998.
The founders were concerned that joining the social. The history of kalundborg industrial symbiosis activities began in 1961 when a project was developed and implemented to use surface water from lake tisso for a new oil refinery, to save the limited supplies of. In equinor, health and safety are always our top prioritybut the magnitude of the corona crisis calls for a broader contribution. The industrial symbiosis at kalundborg, denmark the. A circular economy seeks to rebuild capital, whether this is financial, manufactured, human, social or natural.
First symbiosis project steam supply using residual stream naming the system. This is of special interest to food and beverage companies, since used process water can be sold on to industries with less strict water regulation. Structure and morphology of industrial symbiosis networks. Especially because it is not a static collaboration, but constantly being renewed to continue to be advantageous for all parties and for the environment. This industrial park is special because companies reuse each others waste which then. Kalundborg municipality using residual stream dong gyproc naming the system. The industrial symbiosis project at kalundborg, denmark 100 kilometers west of copenhagen, population of approximately 15,000, is a model of environmental sustainability. Case studykalundborg 1 the industrial symbiosis in kalundborg, denmark. Today, over 30 waste streams exist between partners. Kalundborg municipality has approximately 20,000 inhabitants, and its network is the most published example of industrial symbiosis. Industrial symbiosis conference interreg deutschlanddanmark. The general mode of translation inhibition by macrolide antibiotics krishna kannana,1, pinal kanabarb, david schryerc, tanja florina,d, eugene ohe,f,g,2, neil. May 28, 2002 the keys to industrial symbiosis are collaboration and the synergistic possibilities o. Industrial ecology is the shifting of industrial process from linear open loop systems, in which resource and capital investments move through the system to become waste, to a closed loop system where wastes become inputs for new processes.
Among the companies located in kalundborg today, the biggest is novo nordisk, the worlds largest supplier of insulin. Kalundborg symbiosis is the worlds first industrial symbiosis and has evolved over the past 50 the cooperation between the companies in the symbiosis provides mutual benefits, economical as well as environmental. In the region of north jutland in denmark, the network for sustainable business coordinates and manages current industrial symbiosis activity. The shift to a circular economy requires innovative business models that either replace existing ones or seize new opportunities. Industrial symbiosis is an effective green business model that reduce production costs and increase competitiveness and growth potential for industries. In short, kalundborg is a typical industrial city, a nexus of trade whose firms import and export numerous components and products on a worldwide scale gertler 1995. No significant differences were found in n content, while a significant variation was detected when p was evaluated. Public perception, understanding, and values the industrial. Kalundborg symbiosis, stressing the complex interplay of technical and social forces. The general mode of translation inhibition by macrolide. Kalundborg symbiosis effective industrial symbiosis.
Economic and environmental impacts from industrial symbiosis exchanges. Granger morgan as with many other problems in engineering, what the public knows and thinks can have important implications for the design and the success of the various systems and activities that are loosely termed industrial ecology. Kalundborg, identified in the literature as a model of industrial symbiosis networks, has been selected as the paradigmatic case. The key lies in carefully selecting processes and combining industries that. The main principle is that a residue from one company becomes a ressource in another.
The potential of industrial symbiosis as a key driver of. Feb 18, 2015 the industrial symbiosis at kalundborg is a popular example for industrial synergies since it demonstrates some of the key elements necessary for successful ecoindustrial devel opment. The government should attach importance to industrial symbiosis and make it a feasible method in energy policy. Now, more than ever, safety and caring for people comes first. Industrial symbiosis partners forming the symbiosis center kalundborg symbiosis is formed as an association green energy. Symbiosis through exploitation and the merger of lineages. The system diagram illustrates the continuous flow of technical and biological materials through the value circle. Kalundborg ecoindustrial park is an industrial symbiosis network located in kalundborg, denmark, in which companies in the region collaborate to use each others byproducts and otherwise share resources. Pdf within the field of industrial ecology, industrial symbiosis is has emerged as a body of. Brownfields are industrial or otherwise developed areas that have been affected by former users or surrounding activities and so are underused or unusable and require remediation before being further developed.
It is not an exaggeration to claim that kalundborg is on the verge of setting off the 21st century ecoindustrial revolution, with the subject of waste management being approached from an eco friendly position. Industrial ecology is a concept that has emerged in response to growing public concern about. Industrial ecology, industrial symbiosis and gis 1. The relationships among the firms comprising the kalundborg ecoindustrial park form an industrial symbiosis. The industrial symbiosis complex in kalundborg, denmark is the seminal example of industrial symbiosis in the industrial ecology literature. It is based on a close social relationship between the key actors, the chief execu tives of the companies involved.
Social network analysis sna has been adopted here as the main methodological framework and has been applied to the is network in kalundborg denmark. Symbiosis without mutualism and the merger of lineages in. After a short trip to new castle county, they returned to the west line with some new ideas for speeding up the work. The kalundborg symbiosis in denmark, which has been. Jun 20, 2019 kalundborg symbiosis is a great example on how companies can establish shared engagement and commitment in the is, thus avoid experiencing usual issues with quality or material flow and instead exploring opportunities for further collaboration valentine, 2016. The kalundborg industrial park is located in denmark.
The term organicallyevolving has been used in reference to the ks because it is a network of private and public entities that. Many of these are also only between two enterprises. Industrial symbiosis is engages traditionally separate industries in a collective approach to competitive advantage involving the physical exchange of material, energy, water, andor byproducts. Industrial symbiosis for mutual benefit resource resource residual residual redefining waste as a secondary resource. Ecoindustrial park development a guide for north america. The benefits and costs of converting waste to energy in. The vision of kalundborg symbiosis is to be the worlds leading industrial symbiosis with a circular approach to production. Today, we are back in our office in kalundborg after three days in st petersburg, russias secondlargest city, where we participated in xviii annual strategic planning leaders forum of the regions and cities of russia. Kalundborg symbiosis is the worlds first working industrial symbiosis. Kalundborg, denmark, is a leading example of industrial symbiosis is. Building blocks of a circular economy circular economy. This causes a closedcycle of waste products, including residue and byproducts, between enterprises and authorities. Industrial symbiosis ecoindustrial development section update.
It has achieved significant environmental and economic returns. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Industrial symbiosis partners forming the symbiosis center kalundborg symbiosis formed as an association 2017 symbiosis center denmark surface water algae plant green energy 2012. Industrial ecology academic dictionaries and encyclopedias. Companies with significant market share and capabilities along several vertical steps of the linear value chain could play a major role in circular economy innovation and driving circularity into the mainstream by leveraging their scale and vertical integration. Social dilemmas in stimulating ecoindustrial parks frank boons and marco a.
Industrial ecology ie is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the sustainable combination of environment, economy and technology. Kalundborg symbiosis is a network run by various companies and it has enjoyed continuous growth and development over the last four decades. As such, industrial symbiosis is not simply a passive examination or description of resource. The collaboration has evolved gradually and organically. The central idea is the analogy between natural and sociotechnical systems. More recently, the famous case of the kalundborg symbiosis was the. Each individual symbiosis project has reduced production costs andor the intake. The kalundborg symbiosis came into being as a result of private conversations between a few enterprise managers from the kalundborg.
The challenge is to merge them into a single approach. Industrial symbiosis ecoindustrial development section update august 15, 2010 october 15, 2010 international society for industrial ecology peter lowitt, faicp this update service is provided by the industrial symbiosis ecoindustrial development section of the international society for industrial ecology. Kalundborg municipality using residual stream orsted gyproc naming the system. Social aspects of industrial symbiosis networks vol. Drug abuse prevention curricula in schools springerlink. As natural ecosystems, the industrial system can be described as a particular distribution of. Kalundborg has a population of just 16,000 inhabitants and lies 110 km west of copenhagen. Journal of cleaner production lee kuan yew school of. The project has attracted a good deal of international attention. The kalundborg center for industrial symbiosis was established and financed by symbiosis partners with the following objectives followup on the current kalundborg symbiosis. Uncovering industrial symbiosis center for industrial ecology. Kalundborg symbiosis, also focuses on how the municipality is actively striving to be a facilitator for new symbiotic relations between the companies involved, and is using kalundborg symbiosis itself as an example of how sustainable change and green growth can flourish in a local community. The kalundborg ecoindustrial park is the first full realization of industrial symbiosis.
Gyproc a swedish company producing plasterboard for the building industry. A model for the coevolution of two species in facultative symbiosis is used to investigate conditions under which species merge to form a single reproductive unit. Economic and environmental impacts from industrial. Life cycle assessment of industrial symbiosis in songmudao. Oct 01, 2016 symbiosis means coexistence between diverse organisms in which each may benefit from the other. Industrial symbiosis partners forming the symbiosis center kalundborg symbiosis formed as an association 2017 symbiosis center denmark surface water tisso kalundborg municipality algae plant kalundborg municipality novozymes green energy. At the left side the mbt, at the right the rdfheat and power plant, between the plants the heatsteam and material pipe, above the connection to the heat grid of the. At the biogas plant biogas is produced and upgraded to natural gas quality through a refining process where carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide are removed from the product. Our purpose is to drive change to defeat diabetes and other serious chronic diseases such as obesity and rare blood and endocrine disorders.
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